資料來源：SMS有限責(zé)任公司

Pros of Batch Farrowing

批次生產(chǎn)優(yōu)點(diǎn)

Weaning larger batches of pigs at same weaning age

1、同一斷奶日齡可斷奶大批量的仔豬

Allow smaller farms to wean larger batches of pigs

2、允許小型豬場(chǎng)一次斷奶大批量豬仔

Improved biosecurity by limiting access to farm: people, trucks, deliveries, etc.

3、通過限制人、車和供貨等的進(jìn)入豬場(chǎng)，從而提高生物安全

Allow for more all-in-all out of a site or single source fill

4、允許同一地點(diǎn)或單一來源的更多的豬只全進(jìn)全出

Improved health of pigs for lower death loss (2-4%)

5、提高豬的健康從而降低死亡損失(2-4%)

Improved ADG and Feed Conversion

6、提高平均日增重以及飼料轉(zhuǎn)化率

Allows for feeding pigs more accurately to feed budget

7、可按照豬飼料預(yù)算更準(zhǔn)確飼喂

Improving piglet survival by concentrating farrowing

8、通過集中分娩提高豬仔的存活率

Improve accuracy of female vaccination programs

9、提高母豬免疫程序的準(zhǔn)確性

Specialized breeding and farrowing personal

10、專門的配種和分娩人員

Break disease cycles with time between farrowing batches

11、通過批次生產(chǎn)間隔,打斷疾病循環(huán)

Potential to increase weaning age of gilt litter

12、有可能增加1胎母豬所產(chǎn)仔豬斷奶日齡

Allows for days off, vacations, and limited weekends for staff

13、員工得以有休息日，假期，以及有限的周末。

批次生產(chǎn)的缺點(diǎn)

Harder to add replacement gilts or open weaned sow

1、增加后備母豬或空懷斷奶母豬變得相對(duì)困難

Need to have space at farm for estrus management of gilts and using of Matrix for controlling heat cycles

2、需要有場(chǎng)地用于后備母豬發(fā)情期管理和使用烯丙孕素（Matrix）制劑調(diào)控發(fā)情周期

Limited number of nurse sows or none

3、限制了寄養(yǎng)母豬數(shù)量甚至于沒有

Dealing with late or non-cycling weaned sow

4、需要處理延遲斷奶或非周期斷奶母豬

Harder to manage females that repeat

5、更難管理返情的母豬

Need to have low wean to 1st estrus days

6、斷奶至第1次發(fā)情間隔天數(shù)必須要短

Extra labor required for heavy breeding/farrowing weeks

7、在繁忙的配種周/分娩周需要額外的勞動(dòng)力

Need for hormone therapy for managing gilts and sow

8、需要使用激素來管理后備豬和母豬

Limited number of days for power washing farrowing rooms and refilling with bred females

9、高壓沖洗產(chǎn)房和再次調(diào)入妊娠母豬是在有限的天數(shù)內(nèi)

May need to invest in rescue deck for feeding supplemental milk to some of the pigs

10、可能需要投資建設(shè)救助空間給一些弱小豬只補(bǔ)充液體牛奶

Semen supplier has to be able to send larger amounts of semen to farm fewer times per year

11、精液供應(yīng)商需要有每年幾次輸送大量精液給豬場(chǎng)的能力

批次生產(chǎn)體系的選擇

批次生產(chǎn)模式匯總

*現(xiàn)在最流行的是2周批、4周批和5周批生產(chǎn)。

介紹5/4分組的批次生產(chǎn)

Key points （關(guān)鍵要點(diǎn)）：

5 groups of sows farrowing every 4 weeks

每隔4周就會(huì)有1組母豬分娩（總共5組母豬）

Breeding for only 1 week may be problem with returns, noncycling weaned sows and gilts to fit into a batch

僅1周配種時(shí)間，對(duì)于返情、非周期斷奶母豬和后備母豬放入一個(gè)批次可能存在困難

Weaning age 15-22 days with 1 week or less breeding with average at 18.5 days

15-22天斷奶；1周內(nèi)完成配種，母豬群平均斷奶日齡為18.5天

Farrowing crates still used 13 times per year for efficiency

為了提高效率，分娩欄每年高效使用13次

Farrowing only 1 week in 4 allows for very few or no nurse sows

4周內(nèi)僅有1周分娩，允許很少或沒有代乳母豬。

Weaning, breeding and farrowing done the first 2 weeks of the

4 weeks

斷奶，配種和分娩在每四周的頭2周完成

Extra labor and longer days the 2 weeks of weaning, breeding and farrowing

在頭2周的斷奶、配種和分娩等工作，需要額外勞力和更長(zhǎng)時(shí)間

Allow for labor to have vacations, time off, limited weekends, etc on 2 weeks when not weaning, breeding, or farrowing occur 在非斷奶、配種或分娩的兩周，給員工假期、休息時(shí)間和有限的周末。

Female inventory approximately 6.2 times the number of farrowing crates

母豬存欄量大約是分娩欄數(shù)量的6.2倍

案例：有230個(gè)分娩欄的農(nóng)豬場(chǎng)換成5/4批次生產(chǎn)體項(xiàng)

Wean 230 litters X 11.0 per litter = 2530 pigs to wean / batch 斷奶230窩X11.0頭/每窩=2530頭斷奶/批

Breeding target is 230 crates / 85% farrowing rate = 271 配種目標(biāo)：230欄/ 85%的分娩率= 271頭

females bred配種母豬

-Returns/late weaner sows = 10 hd.返情/延遲斷奶母豬=10 頭 ?Gilts = 61 hd.后備豬=61 頭

-Total to breed = 271 hd.配種總數(shù)=271 頭

*Breeding batch size may need to be adjusted based on female death loss, culling rate, changes in farrowing rate, available repeats, non-cycling weaned sows and gilts. Also for range in days for weaned sows to cycle after weaning.

*批次配種數(shù)需要根據(jù)母豬死亡損失，淘汰率，分娩率變化，可用的返情母豬，非周期斷奶母豬和后備數(shù)量等因素進(jìn)行調(diào)整。此外，要考慮斷奶后母豬發(fā)情所需要的天數(shù)。

（未完，待續(xù)）